Topic: Referral Requirements

Summary of Referral Requirements

Referrer # of States
Physician 28
Dentist 26
Podiatrist 24
Chiropractor 20
Physician Assistant 14
Nurse Practitioner 12
Other 9


Referral Requirements

State Level of Patient Access Professionals State Allows to Refer to Physical Therapist
Physician - MD or DO Dentist Podiatrist Chiropractor Physician Assistant Nurse Practitioner Other
Alabama Limited
Alaska Unrestricted
Arizona Unrestricted
Arkansas Provisions
California Provisions
Colorado Unrestricted
Connecticut Provisions
Delaware Provisions
District of Columbia Provisions
West Virginia Unrestricted
Florida Provisions Yes (Reference: Practice Act) Yes Yes Yes Yes
Georgia Provisions
Hawaii Unrestricted
Idaho Unrestricted
Illinois Limited Yes (Reference: IL Public Act 98-214 Ch. 111, par. 4251(D)) Yes (Reference: IL Public Act 98-214 Ch. 111, par. 4251(D)) Yes (Reference: IL Public Act 98-214 Ch. 111, par. 4251(D)) Yes (Reference: IL Public Act 98-214 Ch. 111, par. 4251(D)) Yes (Reference: IL Public Act 98-214 Ch. 111, par. 4251(D)) Yes (Reference: IL Public Act 98-214 Ch. 111, par. 4251(D))
Indiana Provisions Yes (Reference: IN Code 25-27-1-2(d)(1)) Yes (Reference: IN Code 25-27-1-2(d)(1)) Yes (Reference: IN Code 25-27-1-2(d)(1)) Yes (Reference: IN Code 25-27-1-2(d)(1)) Yes (Reference: IN Code 25-27-1-2(d)(1)) Yes (Reference: IN Code 25-27-1-2(d)(1))
Kansas Provisions
Kentucky Unrestricted
Louisiana Provisions Yes (Reference: Section 1. R.S. 37:2418(B(2)(a) -(3)) Yes Yes Yes
Maine Provisions Yes (Reference: MRS Title 32, Chapter 45-A §3113-A) Yes (Reference: MRS Title 32, Chapter 45-A §3113-A) Yes (Reference: MRS Title 32, Chapter 45-A §3113-A) Yes (Reference: MRS Title 32, Chapter 45-A §3113-A)
Maryland Unrestricted
Massachusetts Unrestricted
Michigan Provisions Yes (Reference: MI Code 333.17820.(1)) Yes (Reference: MI Code 333.17820.(1)) Yes (Reference: MI Code 333.17820.(1))
Minnesota Provisions Yes (Reference: MN Code Chapter 148.75(a)(8)) Yes (Reference: MN Code Chapter 148.75(a)(8)) Yes (Reference: MN Code Chapter 148.75(a)(8)) Yes (Reference: MN Code Chapter 148.75(a)(8)) Yes (Reference: MN Code Chapter 148.75(a)(8))
Mississippi Limited Yes (Reference: MS Code § 73-23-33(d)) Yes (Reference: MS Code § 73-23-33(d)) Yes (Reference: MS Code § 73-23-33(d)) Yes (Reference: MS Code § 73-23-33(d)) Yes (Reference: MS Code § 73-23-33(d)) Yes (Reference: MS Code § 73-23-33(d))
Missouri Provisions Yes (Reference: MO Code, Chapter 334.506.1) Yes (Reference: MO Code, Chapter 334.506.1) Yes (Reference: MO Code, Chapter 334.506.1) Yes (Reference: MO Code, Chapter 334.506.1) Yes (Reference: MO Code, Chapter 334.506.1) Yes (Reference: MO Code, Chapter 334.506.1)
Montana Unrestricted
Nebraska Unrestricted Yes (Reference: NE Code, 38-2927.(a))
Nevada Unrestricted
New Hampshire Provisions
New Jersey Provisions
New Mexico Provisions Yes (Reference: NM Admin Code 1 16.20.10.7) Yes (Reference: NM Admin Code 1 16.20.10.7) Yes (Reference: NM Admin Code 1 16.20.10.7) Yes (Reference: NM Admin Code 1 16.20.10.7) Yes (Reference: NM Admin Code 1 16.20.10.7) Yes (Reference: NM Admin Code 1 16.20.10.7) Yes (Reference: NM Admin Code 1 16.20.10.7)
New York Provisions Yes (Reference: NY Admin Code §77.9 a) Yes (Reference: NY Admin Code §77.9 a) Yes (Reference: NY Admin Code §77.9 a) Yes (Reference: NYSED Physical Therapy Practice Guideline 6.2) Yes (Reference: NY Admin Code §77.9 a)
North Carolina Unrestricted Yes (Reference: NC 90-270.24(4)) Yes (Reference: NC 90-270.24(4))
North Dakota Unrestricted
Ohio Provisions Yes (Reference: OH Code, Chapter 4755.48(H)(1)(a)) Yes (Reference: OH Code, Chapter 4755.48(H)(1)(a)) Yes (Reference: OH Code, Chapter 4755.48(H)(1)(a)) Yes (Reference: OH Code, Chapter 4755.48(H)(1)(a)) Yes (Reference: OH Code, Chapter 4755.48(H)(1)(b)) Yes (Reference: OH Code, Chapter 4755.48(H)(1)(c)) Yes (Reference: OH Code, Chapter 4755.48(H)(1)(c))
Oklahoma Provisions Yes (Reference: OK Code 59 Section 887.17.A.1) Yes (Reference: OK Code 59 Section 887.17.A.1) Yes (Reference: OK Code 59 Section 887.17.A.1) Yes (Reference: OK Code 59 Section 887.17.A.1) Yes (Reference: OK Code 59 Section 887.17.A.1) Yes (Reference: OK Code 59 Section 887.17.A.1) Yes (Reference: OK Code 59 Section 887.17.A.1)
Oregon Unrestricted Yes (Reference: OR Code 688.132) Yes (Reference: OR Code 688.132) Yes (Reference: OR Code 688.132) Yes (Reference: OR Code 688.132) Yes (Reference: OR Code 688.132) Yes (Reference: OR Code 688.132) Yes (Reference: OR Code 688.132 and OR Code 688.135(8))
Pennsylvania Provisions Yes (Reference: PA law 63 P. S. § 1303 section 9(a)) Yes (Reference: PA law 63 P. S. § 1303 section 9(a)) Yes (Reference: PA law 63 P. S. § 1303 section 9(a)) Yes (Reference: PA law 63 P. S. § 1303 section 9(a)) Yes (Reference: PA law 63 P. S. § 1303 section 9(a))
Puerto Rico None Yes (Reference: PR Law 114-1962 section 1(2)) Yes (Reference: PR By-law 5192 (Feb/9/1995) Article V (20)) Yes (Reference: PR By-law 5192 (Feb/9/1995) Article V (20))
Rhode Island Provisions Yes (Reference: RI Code § 5-40-13 (b)(3)) Yes (Reference: RI Code § 5-40-13 (b)(3)) Yes (Reference: RI Code § 5-40-13 (b)(3)) Yes (Reference: RI Code § 5-40-13 (b)(3)) Yes (Reference: RI Code § 5-40-13 (b)(3)) Yes (Reference: RI Code § 5-40-13 (b)(3))
South Carolina Provisions Yes (Reference: SC Code, Chapter 45, SECTION 40-45-110(4)) Yes (Reference: SC Code, Chapter 45, SECTION 40-45-110(4))
South Dakota Unrestricted
Tennessee Provisions Yes (Reference: TN Code 63-13-109(b)(1)) Yes (Reference: TN Code 63-13-109(b)(1)) Yes (Reference: TN Code 63-13-109(b)(1)) Yes (Reference: TN Code 63-13-109(b)(1))
Texas Limited Yes (Reference: TX Code, Title 3, Sec 453.001.(9)) Yes (Reference: TX Code, Title 3, Sec 453.001.(9)) Yes (Reference: TX Code, Title 3, Sec 453.001.(9)) Yes (Reference: TX Code, Title 3, Sec 453.001.(9))
Utah Unrestricted
Vermont Unrestricted Yes (Reference: VT Code Title 26, Chapter 38 § 2086(c)(2)(e))
Virgin Islands Provisions Yes (Reference: 27 V.I.C. § 165a(b)(2)) Yes (Reference: 27 V.I.C. § 165a(b)(2)) Yes (Reference: 27 V.I.C. § 165a(b)(2))
Virginia Provisions Yes (Reference: VA Code, Chapter 34 § 54.1-3482A) Yes (Reference: VA Code, Chapter 34 § 54.1-3482A) Yes (Reference: VA Code, Chapter 34 § 54.1-3482A) Yes (Reference: VA Code, Chapter 34 § 54.1-3482A) Yes (Reference: VA Code, Chapter 34 § 54.1-3482A) Yes (Reference: VA Code, Chapter 34 § 54.1-3482A)
Washington Provisions Yes (Reference: WA Code, RCW 18.74.010(7)) Yes (Reference: WA Code, RCW 18.74.010(7)) Yes (Reference: WA Code, RCW 18.74.010(7)) Yes (Reference: WA Code, RCW 18.74.010(7)) Yes (Reference: WA Code, RCW 18.74.010(7)) Yes (Reference: WA Code, RCW 18.74.010(7))
Wisconsin Provisions Yes (Reference: WI Code, §448.56(1)(1)) Yes (Reference: WI Code, §448.56(1)(1)) Yes (Reference: WI Code, §448.56(1)(1)) Yes (Reference: WI Code, §448.56(1)(1)) Yes (Reference: WI Code, §448.56(1)(1)) Yes (Reference: WI Code, §448.56(1)(1))
Wyoming Unrestricted Yes (Reference: WY Code 33-25-102(c)) Yes (Reference: WY Code 33-25-102(c))
Iowa Unrestricted Yes (Reference: Chapter 148A.2) Yes (Reference: Chapter 148A.2) Yes (Reference: Chapter 148A.2) Yes (Reference: Chapter 148A.2)